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<title>Personal NetWare</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Personal NetWare</span></span>

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<p><b>NetWare Lite</b> and <b>Personal NetWare</b> are a series of discontinued <a href="Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">peer-to-peer</a> <a href="Local_area_network" title="Local area network">local area networks</a> developed by <a href="Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a> for <a href="DOS" title="DOS">DOS</a>- and <a href="Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a>-based <a href="Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computers</a> aimed at personal users and <a href="Small_business" title="Small business">small businesses</a> in the 1990s.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="NetWare_Lite">NetWare Lite</h2></div>

<p>In 1991, Novell introduced NetWare Lite 1.0 (NWL),<sup id="cite_ref-NWL_1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWL_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NWL_2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWL_2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a radically different and cheaper alternative to their central server-based <a href="NetWare" title="NetWare">NetWare</a> product. Codenamed "Slurpee", NetWare Lite was an answer to <a href="Artisoft" class="mw-redirect" title="Artisoft">Artisoft</a>'s similar <a href="LANtastic" title="LANtastic">LANtastic</a>: both were peer-to-peer systems, where no dedicated server was required, but instead all PCs on the network could share their resources.

</p><p>Netware Lite contained a unique serial number in the <a href="EXE_file" class="mw-redirect" title="EXE file">EXE files</a> that prevented running the same copy on multiple nodes within a single network. This basic copy protection was easily circumvented by comparing files from different licenses and accordingly editing the serial number bytes.

</p><p>The product was upgraded to NetWare Lite 1.1 and also came bundled with <a href="DR_DOS_6.0" class="mw-redirect" title="DR DOS 6.0">DR DOS 6.0</a>. Some components of NetWare Lite were used in Novell's NetWare <a href="PalmDOS_1.0" class="mw-redirect" title="PalmDOS 1.0">PalmDOS 1.0</a> in 1992.

</p><p>A Japanese version of NetWare Lite named "NetWare Lite 1.1J" existed in 1992 for four platforms (<a href="DOS/V" title="DOS/V">DOS/V</a>, <a href="Fujitsu_FM-R" class="mw-redirect" title="Fujitsu FM-R">Fujitsu FM-R</a>, <a href="NEC_PC-98" class="mw-redirect" title="NEC PC-98">NEC PC-98</a>/<a href="Epson_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="Epson PC">Epson PC</a> and <a href="Toshiba_J-3100" class="mw-redirect" title="Toshiba J-3100">Toshiba J-3100</a>) and was supported up to 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Updates were distributed by Novell as <code>DOSV6.EXE</code>, <code>DOSV.EXE</code>, <code>TSBODI.LZH</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>NetWare Lite 1.1 came bundled with <a href="NLSNIPES" class="mw-redirect" title="NLSNIPES">NLSNIPES</a>, a newer implementation of Novell's Snipes game.<sup id="cite_ref-Novell_1995_NWLITE_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell_1995_NWLITE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_NetWare">Personal NetWare</h2></div>

<p>Significantly reworked, the product line, codenamed "Smirnoff", became Personal NetWare 1.0 (PNW) in 1994. The <a href="Open_Data-Link_Interface" title="Open Data-Link Interface">ODI</a>/VLM 16-bit DOS client portion of the drivers now supported individually loadable <a href="Virtual_Loadable_Module" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual Loadable Module">Virtual Loadable Modules</a> (VLMs) for an improved flexibility and customizability, whereas the server portion could utilize Novell's <a href="DOS_Protected_Mode_Services" title="DOS Protected Mode Services">DOS Protected Mode Services</a> (DPMS), if loaded, to reduce its <a href="Conventional_memory" title="Conventional memory">conventional memory</a> footprint and run in <a href="Extended_memory" title="Extended memory">extended memory</a> and <a href="Protected_mode" title="Protected mode">protected mode</a>. The NetWare Lite disk cache NLCACHE had been reworked into <a href="NWCACHE" class="mw-redirect" title="NWCACHE">NWCACHE</a>, which was easier to set up and could utilize DPMS as well, thereby reducing the DOS <a href="Memory_footprint" title="Memory footprint">memory footprint</a> and significantly speeding up disk performance. Personal NetWare came bundled with the network-enabled game <a href="NetWars_2.06" class="mw-redirect" title="NetWars 2.06">NetWars 2.06</a>.

</p><p>A Japanese version of Personal NetWare 1.0 named "Personal NetWare J 1.0" existed for four platforms (<a href="DOS/V" title="DOS/V">DOS/V</a>, <a href="Fujitsu_FM-R" class="mw-redirect" title="Fujitsu FM-R">Fujitsu FM-R</a>, <a href="NEC_PC-98" class="mw-redirect" title="NEC PC-98">NEC PC-98</a>/<a href="Epson_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="Epson PC">Epson PC</a> and <a href="Toshiba_J-3100" class="mw-redirect" title="Toshiba J-3100">Toshiba J-3100</a>) and was supported up to 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Updates were distributed by Novell as <code>P10J0?.EXE</code> (with <code>?</code> replaced by <code>1</code> - <code>5</code>), <code>PNDOSV2.EXE</code>, <code>PNDOSV1.LZH</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The Personal NetWare 1.0 product saw five maintenance upgrades for the Western issues and two for the Japanese versions as well as various comprehensive updates to the corresponding VLM client driver suite (1.0, 1.1, 1.20, 1.21) as part of the Novell Client Kit for DOS & Windows up to November 1996 in the Western world and up to April 1997 in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They added many new MLID (Media Link Interface Driver) drivers, including drivers for <a href="Serial_Line_Internet_Protocol" title="Serial Line Internet Protocol">SLIP</a> and <a href="Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol">PPP</a>, as well as extra <a href="Codepage" class="mw-redirect" title="Codepage">codepages</a> and languages.<sup id="cite_ref-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>A full version of Personal NetWare (save the interactive tutorials) also came bundled with <a href="Novell_DOS_7" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell DOS 7">Novell DOS 7</a> in 1994 at a price similar to that of the stand-alone version of Personal NetWare.

</p><p>Portions of Personal NetWare were incorporated into Novell's <a href="#LWP">LAN Workplace</a> for DOS and <a href="#Mobile">NetWare Mobile</a> for DOS products, and as such compatible <a href="TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a> drivers became available for the system as well.

</p><p>Later, Personal NetWare was bundled with full versions of <a href="Caldera_(company)" title="Caldera (company)">Caldera</a> <a href="OpenDOS_7.01" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenDOS 7.01">OpenDOS 7.01</a>, <a href="DR-DOS_7.02" class="mw-redirect" title="DR-DOS 7.02">DR-DOS 7.02</a> and <a href="DR-DOS_7.03" class="mw-redirect" title="DR-DOS 7.03">7.03</a> between 1997 and 1999; however, these bundles were delivered with the same Personal NetWare files shipping with Novell DOS 7, not the upgraded files, which had been made available for download by Novell since 1994.

</p><p>The ODI/VLM client stack with TCP/IP drivers also found its way into the <a href="DR-WebSpyder" title="DR-WebSpyder">DR-WebSpyder</a> distribution in 1997.

</p><p>When Novell in 1996 introduced its ODI32/<a href="NIOS_(NetWare)" class="mw-redirect" title="NIOS (NetWare)">NIOS</a> 32-bit DOS/Windows client (Client 32), it used <a href="NetWare_Loadable_Module" title="NetWare Loadable Module">NetWare Loadable Modules</a> (NLMs) instead of VLM modules. While the NIOS client could reduce the conventional memory footprint down to 2 to 5 KB in total,<sup id="cite_ref-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Liebing_1996_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liebing_1996-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the lack of something like a "PNW.NLM" module (in analogy to the VLM client's PNW.VLM) made it impossible to use the new client in conjunction with a Personal NetWare server.<sup id="cite_ref-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Novell_1996_NWUSER_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novell_1996_NWUSER-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="NetWare_clients_for_DOS">NetWare clients for DOS</h2></div>

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<ul><li>NETX-based 16-bit client for DOS</li>

<li>ODI/VLM-based 16-bit client for DOS</li>

<li>ODI32/<a href="NIOS_(NetWare)" class="mw-redirect" title="NIOS (NetWare)">NIOS</a>-based 32-bit client for DOS<sup id="cite_ref-Tittel_1994_NIOS_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tittel_1994_NIOS-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Liebing_1996_Install32_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liebing_1996_Install32-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (not for NWL and PNW)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="LAN_WorkPlace_for_DOS">LAN WorkPlace for DOS</h2></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Excelan_LAN_Workplace" class="mw-redirect" title="Excelan LAN Workplace">Excelan LAN Workplace</a></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="NetWare_Mobile">NetWare Mobile</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="CP/NET" class="mw-redirect" title="CP/NET">CP/NET</a> / <a href="MP/NET" class="mw-redirect" title="MP/NET">MP/NET</a> / DR Net / <a href="FlexNet_(Novell)" class="mw-redirect" title="FlexNet (Novell)">FlexNet</a></li>

<li><a href="ELS_NetWare" class="mw-redirect" title="ELS NetWare">ELS NetWare</a> (former entry level product, but not peer-to-peer)</li>

<li><a href="IntranetWare_for_Small_Business" class="mw-redirect" title="IntranetWare for Small Business">IntranetWare for Small Business</a> (FSB) (later entry level product, but not peer-to-peer)</li>

<li><a href="NetWare_Remote_Program_Load" class="mw-redirect" title="NetWare Remote Program Load">NetWare Remote Program Load</a> (RPL)</li>

<li><a href="NetWare_NCOPY" class="mw-redirect" title="NetWare NCOPY">NetWare NCOPY</a></li>

<li><a href="UnixWare" title="UnixWare">UnixWare</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFLewis1991" class="citation journal cs1">Lewis, Peter H. (1991-11-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/03/business/the-executive-computer-for-small-businesses-a-simpler-approach-to-networking.html">"The Executive Computer; For Small Businesses, a Simpler Approach to Networking"</a>. <i><a href="New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>: 3010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180906193357/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/03/business/the-executive-computer-for-small-businesses-a-simpler-approach-to-networking.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-09-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-NWL_2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NWL_2_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFisher1992" class="citation journal cs1">Fisher, Lawrence M. (1992-11-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/04/business/business-technology-an-egalitarian-approach-gains-in-computing.html">"BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY; An Egalitarian Approach Gains in Computing"</a>. <i><a href="New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>: 13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120716111537/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/04/business/business-technology-an-egalitarian-approach-gains-in-computing.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-07-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-06</span></span>. <q>[…] NetWare Lite, a peer-to-peer product introduced last year by Novell, has not made a significant impact on Artisoft, but analysts said that was because the product was weak. […]</q></cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Novell_2006_PWN10-NWL11-Patches_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novell.com/ja-jp/support/support-j/patlst.html#nwlitej">"Minimum Patch List (Japanese)"</a> (in Japanese and English). <a href="Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a>. 2006-01-19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170116231636/https://www.novell.com/ja-jp/support/support-j/patlst.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-01-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Novell_1995_NWLITE-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Novell_1995_NWLITE_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.novell.com/subscriptions/readmes/1203078.html">"Upgrade to NetWare Lite 1.1 for DOS and Win"</a>. <a href="Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a>. 1995-11-03. 1203078. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180510102814/https://support.novell.com/subscriptions/readmes/1203078.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-05-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-10</span></span>.</cite> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://download.novell.com/Download?buildid=8ExECBTrBVE~">[1]</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paul_1997_NWDOSTIP_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPaul1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Paul, Matthias R. (1997-07-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antonis.de/dos/dos-tuts/mpdostip/html/nwdostip.htm"><i>NWDOS-TIPs — Tips & Tricks rund um Novell DOS 7, mit Blick auf undokumentierte Details, Bugs und Workarounds</i></a>. MPDOSTIP (in German) (3 ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160522014302/http://www.antonis.de/dos/dos-tuts/mpdostip/html/nwdostip.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-05-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-11</span></span>.</cite> (NB. NWDOSTIP.TXT is a comprehensive work on <a href="Novell_DOS_7" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell DOS 7">Novell DOS 7</a> and <a href="OpenDOS_7.01" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenDOS 7.01">OpenDOS 7.01</a>, including the description of many undocumented features and internals. It is part of the author's yet larger MPDOSTIP.ZIP collection maintained up to 2001 and distributed on many sites at the time. The provided link points to a HTML-converted older version of the NWDOSTIP.TXT file.)</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Liebing_1996-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Liebing_1996_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLiebing1996" class="citation web cs1">Liebing, Edward A. (1996-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.novell.com/techcenter/articles/ana19960501.html">"NetWare Client 32 for DOS/Windows: Overview of Architecture and Features"</a>. <i>Novell AppNotes</i>. <a href="Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180818204926/https://support.novell.com/techcenter/articles/ana19960501.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-08-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-18</span></span>. <q>[…] At this time, Client 32 does not support peer-to-peer connections via Personal NetWare. […]</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Novell_1996_NWUSER-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Novell_1996_NWUSER_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLiebingHemsleyHendrick1996" class="citation web cs1">Liebing, Edward A.; Hemsley, Mike; Hendrick, Ben (1996-05-05) [1996-05-01]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.novell.com/techcenter/articles/ana19960505.html">"Using Novell's NetWare User Tools (NWUSER.EXE) for Client 32"</a>. <i>Novell AppNotes</i>. <a href="Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180910094857/https://support.novell.com/techcenter/articles/ana19960505.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-09-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-10</span></span>. <q>[…] The default is to have all resources selected; however, only those resources whose functions are enabled appear in black. Those resources whose functions are not enabled appear "grayed out" like Personal (for Personal NetWare) […] Depending on your rights, you can enable or disable the Bindery, Personal, DS (Directory Services) Objects, and DS Containers entries) […]</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Tittel_1994_NIOS-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tittel_1994_NIOS_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTittel1994" class="citation journal cs1">Tittel, Ed (1994-11-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bTgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA118">"Novell at a crossroads"</a>. <i><a href="InfoWorld" title="InfoWorld">InfoWorld</a></i>: 116, 118. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180916181518/https://books.google.ru/books?id=bTgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA118&lpg=PA118&redir_esc=y%23v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Liebing_1996_Install32-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Liebing_1996_Install32_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLiebing1996" class="citation web cs1">Liebing, Edward A. (1996-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.novell.com/techcenter/articles/ana19960502.html">"Installing NetWare Client 32 for DOS/Windows"</a>. <i>Novell AppNotes</i>. <a href="Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180909200133/https://support.novell.com/techcenter/articles/ana19960502.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-09-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-09</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novell.com/documentation/developer/lancomp/dos_psta/dos_pstack.pdf">"Novell ODI Specification: NetWare 16-Bit DOS - Protocol Stacks and MLIDs - ODI Specification Version 4.00"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 1.03. <a href="Novell%2C_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Novell, Inc.">Novell, Inc.</a> 1996-02-02. Part Number: 107–00078–001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180917071444/https://www.novell.com/documentation/developer/lancomp/dos_psta/dos_pstack.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-09-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-16</span></span>.</cite></li>

<li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcorner.com/list/NETWORK/NOVELFAX.ZIP/INFO/">"NOVELFAX.ZIP"</a>. <a href="Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a>. 1993-06-15 [1992]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180919115355/https://www.pcorner.com/list/NETWORK/NOVELFAX.ZIP/INFO/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-09-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-19</span></span>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://drdos.com">Official website</a></span></span></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180821031854/http://www.drdos.com/dosdoc/">DR-DOS 7 online manuals also covering Personal NetWare, ODI/VLM and TCP/IP</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.novell.com/developer/ndk/odi_lan_driver_components.html">https://www.novell.com/developer/ndk/odi_lan_driver_components.html</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.novell.com/developer/ndk/novell_developer_kit_unsupported.html">https://www.novell.com/developer/ndk/novell_developer_kit_unsupported.html</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Novell138" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Drew_Major" title="Drew Major">Drew Major</a></li>

<li><a href="Dennis_Fairclough" title="Dennis Fairclough">Dennis Fairclough</a></li>

<li><a href="Ray_Noorda" title="Ray Noorda">Raymond Noorda</a></li>

<li><a href="Robert_Frankenberg" title="Robert Frankenberg">Robert Frankenberg</a></li>

<li><a href="Ronald_Hovsepian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronald Hovsepian">Ronald Hovsepian</a></li>

<li><a href="Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a></li></ul>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="NetIQ_eDirectory" title="NetIQ eDirectory">eDirectory</a></li>

<li><a href="ZENworks" title="ZENworks">ZENworks</a></li>

<li><a href="Novell_Identity_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell Identity Manager">Identity Manager</a></li>

<li><a href="Novell_Access_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell Access Manager">Access Manager</a></li>

<li><a href="Novell_BorderManager" title="Novell BorderManager">BorderManager</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collaboration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Open_Enterprise_Server" title="Open Enterprise Server">Open Enterprise Server</a></li>

<li><a href="GroupWise" title="GroupWise">GroupWise</a></li>

<li><a href="NetWare" title="NetWare">NetWare</a>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Novell_BrainShare" title="Novell BrainShare">BrainShare</a></li>

<li><i><a href="NetWars" title="NetWars">NetWars</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="SCO_Group%2C_Inc._v._Novell%2C_Inc." title="SCO Group, Inc. v. Novell, Inc.">SCO v. Novell</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Star_Trek_project" title="Star Trek project">Star Trek project</a></li>

<li><a href="SUSE_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux">SUSE Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Univel" title="Univel">Univel</a></li>

<li><a href="Unix_System_Laboratories" title="Unix System Laboratories">Unix System Laboratories</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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